Jury System of UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Jury System of UK - Essay Example But considering the complexity of many trials today - especially with the advances made in forensic science and the complexity of many civil trials, severe doubts regarding the efficacy of the jury system have been made. First of all, it is correct to consider whether a jury can in fact be "objective", especially when there has been a lot of pretrial publicity. Many studies have documented adverse effects of pre-trial publicity on juror decision making (Linz & Penrod, 1992; Otto, Penrod & Dexter, 1994; Ogloff & Vidmar, 1994; Studebaker & Penrod, 1997). These studies point out that jurors do not exist in a vacuum and are likely to have some opinion of a well-known case before they enter the courtroom. In many ways this can be linked to the ideas of groupthink. Just as the jury may be influenced by what the public outside supposedly 'thinks' regarding a case - usually influenced by the media - so as a whole they may come to conclusions based upon a kind of consensus feeling rather than rational thought. This type of situation has been called "groupthink". Janis Irving has created a perhaps more sober definition in which she describes groupthink as "a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group, when the members' strivings for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action" (Irving, 1972). There are various interpretations and analyses of the practical results of groupthink that have occurred over the years. In the original article in which the term groupthink was postulated, Whyte described group think in the following way: We are not talking about mere instinctive conformity - it is, after all, a perennial failing of all mankind. What we are talking about is a rationalized conformity - an open, articulate philosophy which holds that group values are not only expedient but right and good as well. (Whyte, 1952) (emphasis added) One way of improving jury decisions, and thus making them more reliable, would be to actively educate juries on the dangers of groupthink before a trial starts. Just as their knowledge of the case, predisposition towards certain verdicts, experience of this type of crime/action are often tested through the process of voir-dire, so juries could be taught in a short workshop on the problems of groupthink and how to avoid them before the trial begins. There are various interpretations and analyses of the practical results of groupthink that have occurred over the years. Some, such as McCauley (1987) have concentrated on some of the more ominous sides of the tendency in which individuals may be swayed into ways of behaving that they would not otherwise consider. For example, extreme cases of groupthink can often be found within various religious cults, sometimes leading to disastrous and tragic consequences such as the mass suicides at Jonestown or of the Heaven's Gate group. These are thankfully rare examples of an extreme example of groupthink in which what may be a powerful good is turned into a destructive negativity because of the pathological nature of those who are leading the groupthink. Other cases of groupthink have been found within organizations of some of the most intellectual and highly educated people (who would not be expected to be easy 'followers' as were the mostly uneducated

Discuss the relationship between nationalist and anti-nationalist Essay

Discuss the relationship between nationalist and anti-nationalist memories - Essay Example of historians, journalists, and demagogues, NGOs’ ad statesmen in invoking the past in a selective or all inclusive manner is indeed crucial in shaping the public discourse over what the past means. Since the topic of the paper is about exploring the connections between nationalist and antinationalist memories, this introduction is to set the context for the paper by alluding to the myriad ways in which the past can both be a source of inspiration as well as a source of conflict. Hence, memories can be nationalistic for a sect or ethnic group and the same memories can be antinationalistic for another sect or ethnic group. It is only when the shared memories lend themselves to commonality and objective interpretation can there being true peace in the world (Wimmer, 28). The Balkans is often cited by researchers for the prevalence of memories that are nationalistic and antinationalistic. The reason for choosing the Balkans by these researchers can be fathomed from the fact that the Balkans was a place where there were instances of the collective memory of a shared experience giving way to fractious and fissiparous memories mainly due to the internecine civil strife that plagued the region in the 1990’s. The Balkans and the various ethnicities present there are representative of the way in which fragmented memories often take hold when a nation composed of different ethnicities and bound together by slender threads of commonalities give way to strife when the threads cannot hold any more. The way in which some citizens of the erstwhile Yugoslavia remember fondly the times under Tito and the others speak optimistically about the future are emblematic of the memory tricks that the mind can play on people who had a shared past but are now living in divided and fragmented ways (Todorova, 13). Similar is the case with the Partition of India following the exit of the British from Imperial India following World War Two. Once the British departed, there was an outbreak

Future Trends In 4g Networks Information Technology Essay

Future Trends In 4g Networks Information Technology Essay Mobile communication is continuously one of the hottest areas that are developing at a booming speed, with advanced techniques emerging in all the fields of mobile and wireless communications. Current times are just the beginning for deploying 3G mobile communication systems, hike research on the next generation of mobile communications, 4G Wireless and mobile networks begin to pave the way for the future. This paper studies the visions of 4G from a technical perspective. After a brief review on the development history and status of mobile communications and related 4G perspectives, present an overall 4G feature framework based on the kernel concept of integration, in hitch to key features (diversity and adaptability) of the three targets (terminals, networks, and applications) are described in detail. The concepts of both external and internal diversity of each target are defined to illustrate the causes and solutions of the adaptable feature. Then, along the entire 4G domain, each feature in the framework is deeply discussed from a technical standpoint, in which promising techniques and possible research issues for sufficient support of adaptability are also proposed. Finally, a short summary on 4G visions is presented as a continuum of features in the development of the mobile communications world. In this technology, we go in for a new motive so as to help the deaf people to communicate as efficiently as the normal human being. This could be well achieved by means of introducing new software called the voice to text converter (VoTC). INTRODUCTION: Mobile communications and wireless networks are developing at an astounding speed, with evidences of significant growth in the areas of mobile subscribers and terminals, mobile and wireless access networks, and mobile services and applications. The present time is just right to start the research of 4G mobile communications because of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Possibility, according to the historical indication of a generation revolution once a decade, and now we are near the end of 3G standardization phase and the beginning of 3G deployment. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Necessity: according to 3G goals, 3G is necessary but not sufficient to the mobile communication strategy, in which many problems are only partly solved and there are still many problems left to be solved in the next generation, i.e. 4G. There is plenty of related research on the next generation mobile communications. However, most of the ongoing research can be classified into two different classes: 1) Many of the related 4G research focuses mainly on one specific technical area, such as distributed computing, mobile agents, multimedia services, or radio air interfaces, etc. 2) Some pieces of research are interested mainly in 4G scenarios from the standpoints of service provider or user, or a market analyst, from a less or non-technical viewpoint. The difference of this paper to other related pieces of research is that we are going to present overall visions on the features of 4G mobile communications, based on a feature framework and provide detailed proposals to respective support techniques and research topics. This paper is organized as follows. The next section consists of a brief review in the development history and status of mobile communications, together with an analysis of the problems of 3G and developing trends summarized. The following text is comprised with, after a survey of related 4G perspectives, we present an overall 4G feature framework based on the key concept of integration, and then describe each of the two features (diversity and adaptability) of the three relevant targets (terminals, networks, and applications) in detail. The heart of this paper deeply discusses the adaptability feature of each three targets in the entire 4G domain from a technical standpoint, in which promising techniques and possible research issues are proposed. The skeleton of this paper figures out a short summary on 4G visions. The declining part concludes the paper. A. 4G Feat urge Framework We summarize our proposal of 4G features with one sentence, or even more simply, with one word: integration, i.e. seamless integration of terminals, networks, and applications (together with users). A more detailed analysis and explanation of the definition is as follows. 1) The discussion domain includes three relevant targets, i.e. terminals, networks, and applications. Out of the 4G domain, the user is the only target. 2) The kernel word of the definition is so-called integration, which means the convergence of first the three different targets; second the various modes of each target, which lead to the feature of diversity. 3) The modifier seamless, which means the character and requirement of integration, implies the support of the adaptability feature between the three targets, each one of which is largely miscellaneous. . In order to clarify the concept, we define two kinds of diversity: external diversity and internal diversity. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ External diversity is outside the target, which brings along the demand of the adaptability feature to all targets. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Internal diversity is inside each of the targets, and it acts as the solution for adaptability requirements. In short, the need for adaptability is caused by external diversity, and it is solved by internal diversity. Here both the external and internal diversity of users are the cause of all adaptability requirements, which implies that the user is out of the technical domain of 4G visions. The two main features. I.e. diversity and adaptability of the three targets terminal, network, and application are described in detail in the next section. B. 4G Feature Description 1) User Diversity: The external diversity of users, i.e. people in different situations, includes e.g. culture, educational background, economic capability, physical property, personal preference, etc. The internal diversity of users, i.e. people with different interfaces, include e.g. vision, hearing, speech, touch sense, hands and fingers, body, etc. Note that as for users, both their external and internal diversity are to be adapted by the other two targets: terminal and application. Moreover, for adapting the two kinds of user diversity, both the external and internal diversity of terminals and applications are the solution. 2) Terminal Diversity and Adaptability: The terminals external diversities are the differences of terminals in both static and mobile attributes. Static attributes include e.g. functionality, weight, size, battery life, human interface, antenna, processing capability, security, style, and cost. Mobile attributes include dynamic attributes of both temporal and spatial features. The former category contains e.g. moving speed and acceleration, along with stationary, pedestrian or vehicular qualities, while the latter is connected to spatial range, e.g. indoors, on-campus, in urban and rural environments, and also direction. The internal diversity of terminals means that one terminal may integrate multiple functions, modes, interfaces, flexibilities, etc. There are three targets for terminal adaptability. For users, it includes the provision of different terminals to satisfy different users and an individual users various requirements. As for applications, we hope that miscellaneous services can be delivered to one single terminal. When networks are concerned, a single terminal can reach a wide range of networks despite of location and mobile rate. 3) Network Diversity and Adaptability: The external diversity of networks is obvious. Internet is assorted by nature, while wireless networks keep the same property. For instance air interfaces can integrate all kinds of standards and work on different frequencies. Moreover, multiple operators deploy networks with multiple standards and protocols. The internal diversity of networks means that one network can interconnect with other different networks and transfer various kinds of loads, e.g. cellular systems with various coverage. Three targets are related to network adaptability. In reference to terminals, network adaptability aims to make multiform mobile devices with a wide range of moving speeds and mobile areas connectable to wireless networks. For applications, there is a requirement that any type and/or quality of service can be delivered through diverse fixed and mobile networks in the most suitable and efficient way. The target for networks themselves is to make it easy to build a 40 feature framework in order to be transmitted correctly and efficiently. We present the support techniques for each of the above features in the next forthcoming text. D. 4G TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVE It is obvious that 4G, just like all the previous generations, is driven not only by technology, but also by market requirements. This section mainly discusses, from a more technical perspective, possible topics for research and promising techniques of 4G, and focuses mainly on those techniques that give support to the main feature of adaptability by internal diversity of targets in the 4G domain. Fig. 2 gives an illustration of the discussion domain of 4G. Technical details are ignored here because of the length limitation of the paper. The various possibilities of competition among services are illustrated above. A.Terminals In order to adapt to the diverse applications and networks, together with the various requirements of users, the terminal domain must possess both internal and external diversity. Support techniques of the field may include the following: 1) User interfaces of terminals vary from traditional keyboard, display, and tablet, to new interfaces based on Lasers Speech, touch, vision, soft buttons, etc. This will be common at a time when one terminal has multiple user interfaces. 2) Adaptive techniques such as smart antennas, software radio, and smart transceivers, enhance interoperability through simultaneous support of several radio interfaces in a single terminal. This makes a terminal roam able across any air interface standard and connectable to any wireless access point by exchanging configuration software. These approaches can also be used on wireless access points as an advanced smart base station. 3) Terminals will be aware of location and context, often based on some wireless low power sensors that are human- sensitive and/or environment-sensitive in order to monitor and interact with the physical world to report the human and/or environmental factors. The advances in this area have been used in e.g. wearable computers as a novel terminal type. 4) An intelligent terminal is able to dynamically improve its processing capability in order to contain various services. Some function modules can even be downloaded to a terminal when needed. B. Networks More advances in networks are needed to keep pace with the rapidly changing terminals and applications, as follows: 1) Smart antenna, software radio, together with advanced base station are the key techniques to achieve adaptability of wireless access points to diverse terminals, i.e. to make radio systems and air networks re-configurable. 2) Hierarchical and ubiquitous as well as overlay cellular systems, including Pico cell, micro cell, macro cell, and mage cell ones, implement seamless network interconnection of both symmetric and asymmetric nature, and seamless terminal handoff of both horizontal and vertical levels respectively. 3) Network layer hierarchical mobility management based on Mobile IPv6 and Cellular make networks portable and adaptable of self-deployed wireless networks to introduce this concept IP brings quick and seamless handoff to terminals. The Mobile IPv6 also presents a great contribution to the adaptability of heterogeneous networks. 4) Ad hoc wireless networks are a kind, and thus dynamically share unlicensed radio spectrum 4G Mobile Communications 5) Network reconfiguration can be obtained by the reconfiguration of protocol stacks and programmability of network nodes. Thus, it can adapt dynamically to the changing channel conditions and low or high data rate users. 6) Miscellaneous services can be delivered through a mixture of transmission networks including unicast, attribute, importance, bandwidth demand, or data stream type, multiple levels of Quos can be defined for various services. multicast, and broadcast ones. According to the service types, e.g. real-time 7) Network resource can be dynamically allocated to cope with varying traffic load, channel condition, and service environment. Traffic conditions will be dynamically monitored and controlled via techniques such as distributed and decentralized control of network functionalities. C. Applications Adaptability will be one of the basic requirements to the development and delivery of new mobile services. Promising techniques and possible topics may include: 1) Mobile application should refer to a users profile so that it can be delivered in a way most preferred by the subscriber, such as context-based personalized services. This also brings the applications with adaptability to terminals that are moving in varying locations and speeds. Micro-sensors and GPS receivers are the main driven techniques. 2) Techniques such as adaptive multimedia and unified messaging take the terminal characteristics into account and ensure that the service can be received and run on a terminal with the most suitable form to the host type. 3) Intelligent mobile software agent is a common technique to all of the three targets, which act as a platform for service development, delivery, and auto-configuration. 4) Applications can negotiate with networks so that they can be transferred with the most efficient channel, e.g. indoor networks or WLAN or cellular systems in a wide area. Services will be tailor able in order to fit the different network environments and the varying traffic conditions. 5) Services and applications can also be smoothly delivered across a multiple domain of operators and service providers. 4G VISIONS SUMMARY We present Table 2 as a summary of the discussion above, which is a continuum of Table 1 with visions of 4G features. CONCLUSION This paper presents 4G visions from a technical perspective. After a brief review of the history and status of mobile communications, we propose a 4G feature framework, in which features of 4G mobile communications are defined. The framework is based on the key concept of integration, and it has the following characteristics: 1) Targets in the framework include users, terminals, networks, and applications, which compass the entire technical domain and operating environment of 4G. 2) Core features of 4G are described as diversity and adaptability of the targets, leading to seamless integration. 3) The feature of diversity includes both external and internal diversity, in which adaptability is caused by external diversity and is solved by internal diversity. Technical perspectives are presented for each of the features in the paper, in. which also some promising techniques and possible research issues of 4G are introduced. The proposed framework provides a layout view on future communication systems, and challenging research topics are figured for guiding systematic research of 4G 4G VISIONS SUMMRY Property 4G Starting Time 2010-2012 . Driven Technique Intelligent-software Auto configuration Representative Standard OFDM, UWB Radio Frequency (HZ) 3G-5G Bandwidth (bps) IOM-20M Multi-address Technique FDMA, TDMA, CDMA Cellular coverage Mini area Core networks All-IP networks

Marketing Essay

Crispy Crunch’s main problem is that they haven’t advertised their product in many years. Since then the target market has changed a lot and has a very high multi-tasking behaviour. It is hard to pin point the exact needs and wants of this culture anymore except for one thing, they are all very technologically routed. With the internet at our finger tips, TV whenever we want, and smartphones in everyone’s pocket. That is the only thing you can really count on this day in age. The chocolate bar market is mature and experiences only modest growth annually. There are 4 major players all with similar marketing strategies; find something unique in the product and promote it. Chocolate bars can be found in the same locations and are sold at very similar prices so they must use marketing communications to distinguish themselves. Crispy Crunch has had little to none in the last five years. Crispy Crunch’s goal is to break into the top ten again and increase market share from 3.5% to 4% within 12 months. The current awareness of Crispy Crunch is 35% among the target market, which must increase significantly in order to increase market share and profits. My main recommendation is to reach out to the target market using the only real linking factor among them; the internet. I think rich media is the best way to reach this audience because it makes use of technology and is available to audiences of many different tastes and lifestyles at all hours of the day. Search advertising is when an advertiser is listed within or alongside search results in exchange for paying a fee each time someone clicks on the listing in those search results. If Crispy Crunch were to apply that type of advertising they could buy such words as â€Å"chocolate†, â€Å"crispy†, or â€Å"delicious†. When someone searched a phrase with these words they would see Crispy Crunch’s ad. Pros This is a great way to advertise since you only play for the clicks you get. It is available 24/7 to a large audience and 80% of all internet traffic begins at a search engine. Cons This form of advertising can be an annoyance to consumers, therefore they become put off the product. Rich Media Rich media Incorporates animation, sound, video and interactivity into the advertising messages, like a short commercial. Marketers have found that a 10-second ad is the maximum acceptable length for an online video ad, and if it is to be viewed entirely it must be entertaining. Pros The similarity to television makes it attractive to traditional advertisers. Many TV shows are now being viewed online; these ads are often placed at the beginning, between scenes and at the end. They are available 24/7 to a large audience. Cons Sometimes it can be hard to make an ad interesting in that short of a time frame. Some viewers find these ads to be an annoyance. Mobile Advertising Advertisers are trying to capitalize on the popularity of cell phones by sending ads via text message. Marketers interested in reaching younger targets are getting involved with text messaging. They are asking consumers to get involved with their brands by running promotions that include short codes with their marketing material, often found on posters, packaging, bottle caps, etc. Consumers can enter or scan codes to participate in contests, download free music, and get ring tones and prizes. Pros This is a great way to advertise because of the speed, directness, portability, and low cost. It is very common with younger target markets. Cons These messages are often seen as an annoyance and intrusive and are too closely related to telemarketing. Some of these ads may even cost the consumer for the data they use. Recommendations I recommend that Crispy Crunch begins advertising with the use of rich media. I think this is best suited to reach their target group which has a high multi-tasking behaviour. Many people in the age group of 18-29 year olds have hectic schedules and are now watching episodes of their favorite shows online because they are not always able to watch it and this form of television has allowed them a more flexible lifestyle around their shows schedule. Rich media also provides 24/7 access, it can reach many people at once and it is not as invasive or annoying at other methods of advertisement such as direct response, text message or email while still being very cost effective. I would also urge Crispy Crunch to stick with their previous slogan â€Å"The only thing as good as your Crispy Crunch is someone else’s.† as well as the general message of the campaign. The ads were short, funny, and to the point. I think that the people in their target market have most likely never seen the previous ads or have forgotten about them. Sometimes bringing back the old is very well received. A&W did very well bringing back the vintage vibe of their restaurants. The ads from the 1989 campaign were very well received and upped market share then and I’m sure they could do it again with the same overall message, they just need the attention.

The Grotesque In Gothic Literature The Characteristics...

The grotesque in gothic is usually the behavior of a man (or women,) who battle with an internal conflict and they are also, usually sick. When an individual reads gothic stories, one can sometimes miss-interpret what they have read. It is common knowledge that when we are younger we understand things differently from when we grot be adults. We can infer that if one was too read gothic literature as a child, one would find it humorous, versus if that individual was to read gothic literature as an adult. As an adult you might not find the text humorous, but rather disturbing. Naturally, the gothic literature is disturbing because it showcases the darker sides of humans; one reads the conflicts the characters are having and one is likely to†¦show more content†¦There are thousands of gothic literatures that follow this theme. To come to terms with the extent of how gothic writers impacted psychology, one should know the history behind psychology. The first American psychology laboratory was opened in 1883; the first American gothic novel titled Wieland, was published in 1798, eighty-five years before the laboratory opened. Somnambulism was discovered in the early 1900s; somnambulism is the fact or habit of walking about and performing other actions while asleep; sleep-walking. (Somnambulism, n. OED Online, Oxford University Press, June 2017, www.oed.com/view/Entry/184510. Accessed 16 November 2017.) A man by the name of, Sigmund Freud spoke about sleepwalking to the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society in 1907; Charles Brown published his short story Somnambulism. A fragment in 1805, one hundred and two years before Sigmund Freud formally addressed the mental illness. In 1887 the mental illness, schizophrenia was discovered by, Dr. Emilie Kraepelin; however, the mental illness was not named until 1911 by Swiss p sychiatrist, Eugen Blueler. Edgard Allen Poe published his short story A Tell-Tale Heart in 1843; A Tell-Tale Heart was narrated by a schizophrenic man. A key person in the gothic genre is Edgard Allen Poe. Edgard Allen Poe wrote numerous stories about a conflicted person(s). TheShow MoreRelatedGothic And Gothic Literature : Wuthering Heights1194 Words   |  5 PagesEssential Question: How are elements of a Gothic tradition present in Wuthering Heights? Gothic literature includes elements of style that is usually portrayed in tales and deals with horror, despair, the grotesque, and mysteries. In the novel Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, there are many elements of gothic literature that is found throughout the book. The term gothic is very broad in literature, and gothic can mean many different things from characteristics of people, feelings and reactions of aRead MoreCharacteristics Of Southern Gothic Literature1694 Words   |  7 PagesJordan Cole English 1102 Professor Myszkowski 1 December 2017 Southern Gothic Literature Throughout the course of history, literature has gone through considerable changes. Dating back to its humble beginnings in folklore, fables, and storytelling all the way up to the scientific books and dramatic novels of today. Literature is arguably the centerpiece of all mankind. It is useful for record keeping, education, and bringing cultures and societies together. It has allowed us to expand our mindsRead MoreA Rose for Emily and the Feather Pillow1375 Words   |  6 Pageswriting gothic literature. Characteristics of gothic literature include ruined sinister buildings, dungeons, underground passages, crypts, and catacombs which in modern houses become spooky basements or attics. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner and â€Å"The Feather Pillow† by Horacio Quiroga, the authors use spooky setting, fantastic plot, grotesque characters and use of the supernatural as elements of gothic literatrure. Faulkner and Quiroga use setting as an element of Gothic Literature to foreshadowRead MoreUse of Gothic Literature in Tennessee Williams A Streetcar Named Desire1241 Words   |  5 PagesAuthors started using Gothic archetypes characters in the late 1800s in their southern works, generating the southern Gothic literature sub genre. Tennessee Williams was not an exception and he was one playwright and author who exemplifies in his works this style. In A streetcar named desire Tennessee Williams was able to balance macabre, enigmatic and usual cruel degeneration of his characters with exemplary poetic grace. Williams became the founder of southern Gothic style. This play by WilliamsRead MoreGothic Literature : The Southern Gothic Fiction1476 Words   |  6 Pagessouthern charm and the ever-present gender divide to tell stories that represent a writing style known as southern gothic literature. â€Å"Southern Gothic is a subgenre of Gothic fiction unique to American literature that t akes place exclusively in the American South. Elements of a Gothic treatment of the South were apparent in the 19th century, ante- and post-bellum, in the grotesques of Henry Clay Lewis and the de-idealized visions of Mark Twain.[3] The genre came together, however, only in the 20thRead MoreGrotesque Characters Essay1048 Words   |  5 PagesBrittany Luckey Mr. Clements American Literature 21 March 2013 Grotesque Characters What is a grotesque character? In literature, a character or location that is irregular, extravagant or fantastic in form. When used as a device, the purpose is often in the style of expressionism, making the grotesque a parody of human qualities or a distorted reflection of a familiar place. In many ways grotesque characters have some kind of problem in society, and example would be a veteran who lost a limbRead More Comparing Poe’s Fall of the House of Usher and Taylor’s Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time1069 Words   |  5 Pagesauthors develop their stories using gothic themes and characterizations of this type to lay the foundation for their desired reader response. Although Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† and Peter Taylor’s â€Å"Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time† are two completely different narratives, both of these stories share a commonality of gothic text representations. The stories take slightly different paths , with Poe’s signifying traditional gothic literature and Taylor approaching his story in aRead MoreAaron Fyler. Mrs.Schroder. English Iv. 5 December 2016.1174 Words   |  5 PagesSchroder English IV 5 December 2016 Gothic Influences within Frankenstein Gothic has its origins from the Germanic tribes who invaded and plundered Rome and other European nations during the third, fourth, and fifth centuries. The word Gothic became connected to words like barbaric and savage and was integrated into the Middle ages due to the time period itself being referred to as unenlightened and superstitious (Architecture). Its first entrance into literature occurred in Horace Walpole’s novelRead MoreAnalysis Of The Monk 849 Words   |  4 Pagesis why Ann Radcliffe, the obscure first female writer of Gothic fiction, was a pioneer in more ways than one. Although no evidence indicates that she recognized her status as a New Woman author, her terrifying novels rivaled those of other Gothic, male writers, thus paving the way for more women in literature. But while Radcliffe’s tales terrorized her readers, Matthew Lewis instilled pure horror into those who dared venture into his grotesque novel, The Monk. In 1796, The Monk is edited, abst ractingRead MoreWuthering Heights By Emily Bronte1099 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Wuthering Heights† is the epitome of classical literature written by Emily Bronte in 1847. This masterpiece unfolds the story of two lovers, Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff and how their intense love for each other succumbed to revenge. The novel centralises around the theme of revenge through the use of gothic elements. Gothic Literature and is a combination of fiction, horror and romanticism. Wuthering Heights effectively employs gothic literature elements to emphasis the characters, plot and

These Molecules Have Some Funny Names

Roles of Female Characters in The Necklace and Life in...

Examine the roles of the female characters in society in ‘The Necklace’ and ‘Life in the Country’ There are three things that make up the society; the time, place and people. In each society each of these points differs from other societies. The stories ‘The Necklace’ and ‘Life in the Country’ by Guy de Maupassant were set in a time in which poverty was very common in most places even though each society had a different view as to what poverty is. This essay is examining the roles of the female characters in ‘The Necklace’ and ‘Life in the Country’ by Guy de Maupassant. Guy de Maupassant came from a wealthy background and lived in France, Normandy. His parents were divorced so he spent the early years of his life mostly with his†¦show more content†¦If she had not gone through that, then she would have never changed, and change is very important. The necklace was fake, although very beautiful, in a way it describes Mathilde, on the outside she was ravishing and beautiful, but in the inside she was completely fake. This story shows how things such as discontentment, envy, and pride could destroy a life. In the story, Madam Loisel is a very envious woman who dreamt of a life she could not have. She was very beautiful and charming but, like the necklace she is a fake. The day her dream came to life, and she as well as her husband were invited to a dinner ball she became distraught and insisted she would not come as she had nothing to wear. This made her husband give her four hundred francs, for a new dress yet she was still not content and was once again distraught at the prospect of having little jewellery to wear. This greed inside her caused her life to destroy around her, but it is good as if this would not have happened she would not have changed for the better. In ‘Life in the country’ the main theme is also greed and Madam Tuvache as well as Vallin saw how dangerous it could be. Madam Tuvache in the end lost her son and Madam Vallin the little respect she had amongst the people not to mention their friendship. Although both stories are about poverty, the poverty described in each story is completely different.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness And The Quiet American1581 Words   |  7 PagesEveryone is born under different circumstances, different experiences, and develop different positions. Although gender allows our existence to flourish, females were and are still discriminated against. Similar to those people who experienced the dismantle of their culture and people, imperialism seeks people who are different. They observe the differences of language, culture, and even physical appearances. In Heart of Darkness and The Quiet American, the treatment of women and victims of imperialismRead More E uripides was accused by his contempories of being a woman hater. Why1711 Words   |  7 Pagesyou think the accusation was? In your answer you should consider not only how Euripides portrays his female characters, but also the sentiments expressed in the plays and the contempory view of women. Answer ------ Euripides definitely had an opinion on woman that was not shared by many other play writes. Whether it is hatred or not, women play a major role in a Euripian play. Their role in society of that time was a great contrast to that of the men. Compared to today, women were milesRead MoreGender Roles and Marriage Essay1997 Words   |  8 PagesThe representation of gender roles and marriage has always been a controversial issue. However, much can be learned about unhappy marriages when examining the roles of both females and males within the marriage. The examination of gender roles and marriage are seen through the following short stories The Story of an Hour, The Necklace, and Country Lovers, along with scholarly articles based on gender role and marriage. Evaluation of these literary works shows quite clearly that social and economicRead MoreEssay about Biography and Work of Guy de Maupassant4591 Words   |  19 Pagesthe second half of the decade. â€Å"His short fiction has been compared to that of Ivan Turgenev, Anton Chekhov, Edgar Allan Poe, and Henry James.† (Encyclopedia Britanica 1012) Maupassant took as his primary goal the realistic portrayal of everyday life. He wrote about what he knew best, and that is as a peasant of his native home of Normandy, the war of 1870, the lives of government employees and Parisian high society, and his own fears and hallucinations. â€Å"His short stories were seen as masterpiecesRead MoreNineteenth Century Gender Roles Exposed in The Necklace and The Story of an Hour2020 Words   |  9 Pages The representation of The Necklace and The story of an hour represents gender roles as defined by the nineteenth century society guidelines . The The Story of an Hour was set in the late nineteenth century in the home of Louise Mallard.(Kate Chopin).It was written on April 19, 1894,by Kate Chopin. The theme Many also focus on women revolt against conformity, often against gender conformity or against social norms that limit omens possibilities in life. (Emmert, Scott ) The storyRead MoreItalian Film and Neorealism2472 Words   |  10 Pagesof partisan hopes for social justice in the post war italian state.† (Marcus, xiv) Even before the war, Italy had been under the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini and his corrupt form of government, Fascism, which caused oppression throughout the country. Neorealistic films allowed filmmakers to use common styles and techniques to finally reveal the world filled with anguish and misery that Mussolini had created. These films allowed the rebirth of Italy with the new ideals of freedom and social orderRead MoreThe Status Of A Woman Essay1846 Words   |  8 PagesSouth Indian or specifically Malayalam Cinema. The first question the arises in my mind while watching any Malayalam movie is why does the nationally and internationally acclaimed Malayalam Cinema fail to represent women’s experiences, Why are The Female leads just subjected to basic chores, or as an object of desire? Me being a Woman fin d it very disturbing to see woman being labelled in the same umbrella. Indian cinema has always been under the line of fire for its potrayal of women as objectsRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1981 Words   |  8 Pagesis in some ways not only personalizing each man but is also exploring each man’s character with symbolism to real life ideas and feelings to the readers. Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts. Throughout the book, The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien uses a lot of symbolism with his character and ideas. For example in the book, O’Brien states that a character named Kiowa carries a Bible. By doing this, O’Brien suggesting that Kiowa is a religiousRead MoreThe Status Of A Woman Essay1935 Words   |  8 PagesMalayalam Cinema. The first question the arises in my mind while watching any Malayalam movie is why does the nationally and internationally acclaimed Malayalam or for that matter any South Indian Cinema fail to represent women’s experiences, Why are The Female leads just subjected to basic chores, or as an object of desire? Me being a Woman find it very disturbing to see woman being labelled in the same umbrella. Indian cinema has always been under the line of fire for its potrayal of women as objectsRead MoreThe Roles of Women in Medieval Scandinavia Essay4028 Words   |  17 Pagesof infanticide - particularly female infanticide, women’s role in creation of the realm’s currency, and even the pagan religion that so many cite as evidence of a male-centric war society gives us evidence of the many women who were able to attain both societal and familial power in Scandinavia. Female infanticide was a common practice throughout the medieval world and while on one hand this is evidence of misogyny, on the other hand it is empowering to those females who do manage to make it to adulthood